Decartes argument

• knowledge
• ( existence of ) God
•  [ what and?
• how do I know the physical already exist
• what is possible
• some languages have tense and no aspect
• English distinguishes I think and I am thinking
• I think distinguishes a state of being
• how do you know there is thinking going on?
• " I am and I exist"
• res cogitons - thing which is thinking
• once its established their is a thinking thing there is a thinking thing
• clan and distinct idea
• pains are unclear and indistinct
• what is it to be a clear and distinct idea
• it has to be apriori
• wax characteristics
• extension
• flexible and mutable
• can only have mental images of a shape not every shape
• can't have general images

decartes

• most influential philosopher of the 18th century
• made Cartesian coordinates
• the dominant philosophical view at the time
• Aristotle was the dominant philosophical view
• sextus empiricus - is a skeptic : greek philosophical school  
• Aristotle is an empiricist : someone who thinks all of our knowledge comes from experience in particular all our concepts
• rationalism ( associated with plato) - sophisticated decartes
• concepts are innate
• empiricists (Aristotle) - scholastics , all understanding comes from experience
• if I can find reason to doubt I will doubt it
• metaphysical skepticism and ordinary scepticism
•  it may undermine an empiricist
• shouldn't doubt your senses even if you make mistakes
• melancholy- the disease of having black bile in your system causing hallucinations
• ordinary deceptive sensations 
• all other sensations are safe  ( dream argument) - all bodies are lost = what's left is colors extension., numbers, motion, time, place, shape, no physics or medicine or astronomy but mathematics exists
• start with all sensations
• if god is good why did he make me be able to be deceived
• not god - evil genius
• if there is an evil demon he can trick me  - I can be completely deceived - filtered out, colors extensions mathematics, etc. 
• My having of sensations can't be unreal 

Hume

• Aristotle
• can speak of a capacity and a disposition
• disposition - how easy you get irritated
• capacity - the ability for something to happen
• Hume builds on this point
• first thing Hume points out is that pleasure and pain move all animals to action
• would the avoidance of pleasure be the new pain?
• 1.) God is good
• 2.) God is Nasty 
• Manicheon  - 2 deities i.e. God/satan, Good/Evil,
• 4.) 1,2,3 are all wrong because there is no goodness or badness in thing only in human sentiment

September 19, 2016

• standard argument has a major premise and a minor premise
• mojor premise - first premise
• minor - second premise
• if p then q
• p is the major
• q is the minor
• all a's are b's
• x is a
• x is B
• an argument is syllogism
• prosyllogism an argument for syllogism
• oddesy a trip of god
• Argument is: God is not omnipotent or God is not omniscient or God is not good
• God didn't create the best world so god is not omnipotent, omniscient or not good
• Duns Scotus - God could have made it no be the case the 3+4=7
• a.) 3+4=10
• b.) there is no 3,4,10 etc.  
•  If being good is part of gods nature how could he make something bad
• God makes the best possible universe
• one thing he puts into the best universe possible is free will which creates good and evil
• a word with evil would be better with a world without evil
• the best possible world must have free will
• the few good people may outweigh the badness of the rest of us
• there has to be some goodness and badness because there is free will
• god doesn't talk about natural disasters
• could god have made the world without them?
• Potato famine came from the greed of others
• human dispositions: to get angry, to help people, to rob people
• natural dispositions: earthquakes, volcanoes             

• there are 2 boxes one with 10000 dollars and the other has nothing or 100,000 dollars 
• which do you  choose 
• 1/1000 (1,010,000) + 999/1000 (10000) = 11000
• 1 boxer 1/100 x - + 999/1000 x 1m = 999000 
• newcombs paradox
• god is good
• god is omnipotent
• god is omniscient
• god can make anything bad not occur
• bad things won't occur
• 
  

• mathematical induction 
• n = (d) d+1/2 
• (n+1) (n+1)+1)
• not a pasteriori are quesitons of meaning 
• philo ( deist) 
• cleanthes ( stoic) (christian) 
•  whatever is the creator of the universe is god 
• deist dont believe in an anthropomorphize god 
• Leibnez ( second smartest person in the 18th century behind newton) 
• famous for a dispute with newton who discovered calculus 
• became a national dispute between England and Hanover 
• Voltarre 
•  Condidile 
• Richard Newcombe 
• Is the notion of omipitance a coherent notion 
• can god make something so big that he can't move it 
• Arguments that should work are arguments of experience 
• Rene Decartes 
• takes the argument from games 
• what is a good bet ? 
• if god exists you gain all 
• if he doesen't then you lose nothing ? 
• Protestant vs Catholic  war ended in 1649 and started in 1619 

God = ngc

1.  If x understands "p" then "p" exists in the understanding of x 
2. the fool understands ngc 
3. therefore, NGC exists in the understanding of the fool 
4. Suppose NGC doesn't exist in reality 
5. x understands NGC existing in reality 
6. NGC existing in reality exists in the understanding 
7. NGC existing in reality is greater than the NGC 
8. (7) is a contradiction 
9. X can not understand NGC does not exist in reality 

                      God exists